Hello and welcome.
An envelope follower is useful for getting a CV source from an audio input. Say you plug a guitar into your Instrument Interface, every time you pluck a string an envelope is generated, either positive or negative. You might want to use that negative envelope to lower the wet/dry of your effects so you can hear each note clearly followed by a blooming reverb or something. I often use the negative envelope generated by a kick drum to "duck" my bassline so the bass remains a little clearer. Or maybe you want to get an auto-wah effect by using the positive envelope to open a filter that your guitar is going into. Those are a few uses of an envelope follower.
Have fun!